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誰能告訴我橋梁伸縮縫有哪些不同的分類方法?

瀏覽量: 25846 發表時間:2018-09-28

誰能告訴我橋梁伸縮縫有哪些不同的分類方法?

誰能告訴我橋梁伸縮縫有哪些不同的分類方法?橋梁伸縮縫是為了滿足橋面變形的要求,通常在兩梁端之間、梁端與橋臺之間或橋梁的鉸接位置上設置伸縮縫。其作用在于調節由車輛荷載和橋梁建筑材料所引起的上部結構之間的位移和聯結。要求伸縮縫在平行、垂直于橋梁軸線的兩個方向,均能自由伸縮,牢固可靠,車輛行駛過時應平順、無突跳與噪聲;要能防止雨水和垃圾泥土滲入阻塞;安裝、檢查、養護、消除污物都要簡易方便。 在設置伸縮縫處,欄桿與橋面鋪裝都要斷開。斜交橋的伸縮裝置一旦被破壞,將嚴重影響行車的速度、舒適性與安全,甚至造成行車安全事故。

誰能告訴我橋梁伸縮縫有哪些不同的分類方法?衡水盈通橡膠制品有限公司告訴您,根據不同的條件,橋梁伸縮縫有一下幾種不同的分類方法,詳情可咨詢15303381562,我們竭誠為您服務。

一、伸縮縫按照性能及安裝方法可分為:GQF-C型、GQF-Z型、GQF-L型、GQF-F型、GQF-MZL型。

GQF-C型橋梁伸縮縫

GQF-C型橋梁伸縮縫

其中GQF-MZL型數模式橋梁伸縮縫裝置,是采用熱軋整體成型的異型鋼材設計的橋梁伸縮縫裝置。GQF-C型、GQF-Z型、GQF-L型、GQF-F型伸縮縫裝置適用于伸縮量80mm以下的的橋梁接縫,GQF-MZL型伸縮縫裝置是由邊梁、中梁、橫梁和連動機構組成的模數式橋梁伸縮縫裝置,適用于伸縮量80mm-1200mm的大中跨度橋梁。

二、公路橋梁伸縮裝置可分為:模數式橋梁伸縮縫裝置、KS橋梁伸縮縫裝置以及TST彈塑體伸縮縫裝置

1、模數式橋梁伸縮縫裝置

模數式橋梁伸縮縫裝置分為:GQF-C型橋梁伸縮縫裝置、GQF-MZL型橋梁伸縮縫裝置

模數式橋梁伸縮縫裝置技術要求:橡膠采用氯丁橡膠(即CR,適用于溫度在-25℃-+60℃地區)或采用天然橡膠(即NR,適用于溫度在-40℃-+60℃地區);伸縮裝置中使用的鋼板,質量要求符合GB012,GB374的規定,使用的異型鋼材,(即16MN或Q345)符合JT/T1591的規定。

①GQF-C型橋梁伸縮縫裝置特點:

GQF-C型橋梁伸縮縫裝置采用整體熱軋16Mn異型鋼,克服了擠壓異型鋼直線度和集合尺寸不均勻的特點, 建筑高度低,國產熱軋整體成型異型鋼材高度僅50mm,結構簡單,安裝方便,具有明顯的可靠性、舒適性和耐久性。既方便舊伸縮縫裝置更換,又可供新橋時選用。

選用原則:橋面鋪裝層厚度≥80mm;伸縮量≤80mm。

②GQF-MZL型橋梁伸縮縫裝置特點:

MZL橋梁型伸縮縫裝置結構突出的特點是:由邊梁、中梁、橫梁、位移控制系統、密封橡膠帶等構件組成的系列伸縮縫裝置。該伸縮縫裝置的承重結構和位移控制系統分開,二者受力時互不干擾,分工明確,這樣既保證受力時安全,又能達到位移均勻,使所有中梁在一個位移控制箱內均支承在同一根垂直橫梁上的傳統作法,這樣對大位移量伸縮縫裝置非常有利,減少了橫梁數量,使位移控制箱體積減小到最小范圍,節約了鋼材。該結構還克服了斜向支承式伸縮縫裝置要求加工和組裝精度相當高的苛刻條件,否則四連桿結構極易出現自鎖現象,影響伸縮自由和不易保證位移均勻的弊病。該結構各連接處均采用既能轉動又能滑動結構。所以,對彎、坡、斜、寬橋梁適應能力強,可滿足各種橋梁結構使用要求。

GQF-MZL-240型數模式橋梁伸縮縫

GQF-MZL-240型數模式橋梁伸縮縫

2、KS橋梁伸縮縫裝置

KS系列跨越式伸縮縫是一種新型伸縮縫產品,它僅用橋面鋪裝層厚度即可達到可靠的錨固,對橋梁設計和施工單位提供了極大的方便。同時它防水性能好,減震,受力合理,對梁端間隙的施工誤差不敏感,使用壽命長,自動清理縫內垃圾,少養護,造價低。因此該產品一經問世,即受到橋梁設計和施工單位的普遍好評。

KS系列跨越式伸縮縫的標注:伸縮縫長度(m);伸縮量(mm)。

例1:KS(Ⅰ)140-12.5 表示伸縮量140mm的KS(Ⅰ)系列伸縮縫一條,長12.5米。

例2:KS(Ⅱ)70-13.7 表示伸縮量70mm的KS(Ⅱ)系列伸縮縫一條,長13.7米。

KS系列跨越式伸縮縫有KS(Ⅰ)與KS(Ⅱ)兩種型號,每種型號根據伸縮量的不同分為:KS(X)20、KS(X)30、KS(X)40、KS(X)50、KS(X)60、KS(X)70、KS(X)80、KS(X)90、KS(X)100、KS(X)120、KS(X)140、KS(X)160、KS(X)180、KS(X)200、KS(X)250、KS(X)300、KS(X)350、KS(X)400十八種規格。

3、TST彈塑體伸縮縫裝置

①原理::將專用的特制的彈塑體主料RS橡膠加熱溶溶后,灌入經加熱的碎石中,形成"TCS橋梁接縫彈塑體"。碎石支持車輛載荷,TCS-Z專用粘合劑保證界面強度。

②特點:a.TCS彈塑體直接平鋪在橋梁界縫處,與前后的橋面或路面鋪裝形成連續體,橋面平整無縫,行車比有縫的橋自然更平穩、舒適、無噪音、振動小,且具有便于維護、清掃、除雪等優點。b.構造簡單,不需裝設專門的伸縮構件和在梁端預埋錨固鋼筋,施工方便快速,鋪裝冷卻后,即可開放交通。c.這種彈性接縫能吸收各方面的變形和振動,且阻尼性高,對橋梁減震有利,可滿足彎橋、坡橋、斜橋、寬橋的縱橫豎三個方向的伸縮和變形。d.因接縫和橋面鋪裝連成一體,故密封防水性好,且耐酸堿腐蝕。e.舊橋更換伸縮縫,可半邊施工,對交通繁忙路段不中斷交通。f.造價低、耐用、養護更換少,經濟效益和社會效益顯著。

三、橋梁伸縮縫一般可分為對接式、組合剪切式(板式)、鋼制支承式、模數支承式以及彈性裝置。

1、對接式

對接式橋梁伸縮縫,根據其構造形式和受力特點的不同,可分為填塞對接型和嵌固對接型兩種。填塞對接式橋梁伸縮縫裝置是以瀝青、木板、麻絮、橡膠等材料填塞縫隙,伸縮體在任何情況下都處于受壓狀態,一般用于伸縮量在40mm以下的常規橋梁工程上。嵌固對接式橋梁伸縮縫裝置利用不同形態的鋼構件將不同形狀的橡膠條(帶)嵌牢固定,并以橡膠條(帶)的拉壓變形來吸收梁體的變形,其伸縮體可以處于受壓狀態,也可以處于受拉狀態。

2、組合剪切式(板式)

組合剪切式(板式)橋梁伸縮縫是利用各種不同斷面形狀的橡膠帶作為填嵌材料的伸縮縫裝置。由于橡膠富有彈性,易于粘貼,又能滿足變形要求且具備防水功能。在國內、外橋梁工程中已獲得廣泛應用。

3、鋼制支承

當橋梁的伸縮變形量超過50mm時,常采用鋼質橋梁伸縮縫裝置。該伸縮縫裝置當車輛駛過時往往由于梁端轉動或撓曲變形而產生拍擊作用,噪聲大,而且容易使結構損壞。因此,需采用設有螺栓彈簧的裝置來固定滑動鋼板,以減少拍擊和噪聲,該伸縮縫的構造相對復雜。

4、模數支承式

由于組合剪切式(板式)這一類伸縮縫裝置,很難滿足大位移量的要求,鋼制型的伸縮縫裝置,很難做到密封不透水,而且容易造成對車輛的沖擊,影響車輛的行駛性。因此,出現了利用吸震緩沖性能好又容易做到密封的橡膠材料,與強度高性能好的異型鋼材組合的,在大位移量情況下能承受車輛荷載的各類型模數支承式(模數式)橋梁伸縮縫裝置系列。

5、彈性體

彈性體橋梁伸縮縫裝置分為鋅鐵皮伸縮縫和TST碎石彈性伸縮縫,彈性體伸縮縫裝置是一種簡易的伸縮縫裝置,對于中小跨徑的橋梁,當伸縮量在20mm-40mm以內時可以采用TST碎石彈性伸縮縫裝置,是將特制的彈塑性材料TST加熱熔化后,灌入經過清洗加熱的碎石中,即形成了TST碎石彈性伸縮縫,碎石用以支持車輛荷載,TST彈塑性體在一25℃~60℃條件下能夠滿足伸縮量的要求。

 

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